Communication is more than speech
A non-speaking child is not a child without thoughts, feelings, opinions or humour. Always presume competence. Speak to your child at age-appropriate level, explain what you are doing, and give time to respond.
Total Communication
Total Communication means using every channel available — speech, signing, gestures, photos, symbols, written words, AAC devices — together. Children pick up what works for them. Multi-modal support is not "babying" — it is best practice.
Low-tech tools to try at home
- Choice boards — two or three photos / symbols for breakfast, snacks, activities
- First / Then boards — "First brushing teeth, then iPad"
- Visual schedules — photos of the day's activities in order
- PECS-style cards — child hands you a card to request
- Yes / No cards — even a thumbs up / down works
Free symbols are available from ARASAAC and Mulberry Symbols.
High-tech AAC
Augmentative and Alternative Communication apps and devices give a voice through a tablet. Good options include:
- Proloquo2Go / Proloquo4Text (iPad)
- TouchChat (iPad)
- Grid 3 (Windows tablets / dedicated devices)
- CoughDrop (web-based, cheaper)
A Speech and Language Therapist (SALT) should support setup. Push for a referral through your GP or school. NHS AAC assessment is free for those who meet criteria.
Signing
- Makaton uses signs alongside speech — great for early years
- BSL is a full language with its own grammar
- Even 10–20 signs (more, finished, help, eat, drink, toilet, hurt) reduce frustration
Reduce frustration day-to-day
- Offer choices, not open questions
- Wait at least 10 seconds for a response
- Don't finish words or sentences for your child
- Model AAC yourself — press symbols while you speak
- Celebrate any communication attempt — point, look, sound, sign
Behaviour as communication
When words are limited, behaviour speaks. Hitting, biting, running, refusing — these often mean "too much," "I'm scared," "I'm hurt," "I need a break." Look behind the behaviour for the message.
Watch out for
- Professionals who say "they'll never talk" — nobody can predict this
- Settings that withhold AAC "in case it stops speech" — research shows the opposite
- Compliance-based therapies (e.g. strict ABA) — many autistic adults report harm
Useful organisations
- Communication Matters — communicationmatters.org.uk
- 1Voice — 1voice.info (children who use AAC)
- Makaton Charity — makaton.org
- NHS AAC services — ask your SALT for a referral